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USOC Olympic Coach E-Magazine
August 1- October 31, 2003
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1. Headlines
MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR OF COACHING AND SPORT SCIENCES
by Peter Davis, Ph.D.
At the Olympic Training Centers, we provide service to elite athletes and coaches on a daily basis. We spend a lot of time trying to figure out how to optimize performance. Over the years I have seen a lot of athletes train and compete—and have successes and disappointments. I can’t remember where I first heard the following quote, but after coaching and watching many, many athletes I have come to the belief—“that it’s not always how hard you train that makes a difference—it’s how well you recover.
At the USOC Division of Coaching and Sport Sciences, we believe that recovery/regeneration is a critical element of performance so we decided to focus our attention on this important area in this edition of Olympic Coach.
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RECOVERY STRATEGIES FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
by Angela Calder,B.A.,M.A. (Hons), B. Appl. Sci. (Coaching) University of Canberra, ACT Australia
“If there was one single factor that helped this team to perform to the level they did at Atlanta, it was the recovery program that was put in place … and monitored throughout our 1996 program.”
Barry Barnes Head Coach, Australian Men’s Basketball, 1996 Atlanta Olympic Report.
Athletes work hard to prepare and perform successfully throughout a competitive season or for major events. Unfortunately, many ignore or forget the performance benefits gained through including recovery strategies within their daily training programs. Indeed there is a tendency for many athletes to limit the use of recovery techniques to times when they are ill or injured. Yet recovery strategies have far more benefits for athletes than merely as tools to assist with rehabilitation or recuperation.
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RECOVERY--ADAPTATION:STRENGTH AND POWER SPORTS
by Michael H. Stone,Ph.D. and Margaret E. Stone, USOC Coaching and Sport Sciences
For the coach and athlete, the primary goal of the training process is to enhance performance. However, it may be argued that enhancing performance is actually a process of intentionally repeating stimuli (exercise), which result in recovery-adaptation, while attempting to avoid overstress-overtraining. There are basically two methods a coach and an athlete can use to enhance the stimulus-recovery adaptation process:
1. Reasonable planning and execution of the training program, which should include not only the training stimulus, but also built in rest.
2. Adopting reasonable methods of enhancing recover-adaptation other than training (e.g., nutrition, nutritional supplements, possibly massage or vibration).
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UNDERRECOVERY AND OVERTRAINING: DIFFERENT CONCEPTS-SIMILAR IMPACT?
by Michael Kellmann (Ruhr-University of Bochum, Germany)
This article is a condensed version of the book chapter M. Kellmann, 2002, "Underrecovery and overtraining: Different concepts - similar impact?" in Enhancing Recovery: Preventing Underperformance in Athletes, edited by M. Kellmann (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 3-24. Modified and reprinted with permission.
The approach of the book Enhancing Recovery: Preventing Underperformance in Athletes addresses recovery as a key factor of performance. The main assumption is that a constant lack of recovery or disturbed recovery turns into overtraining. Even being only slightly underrecovered over an extended period of time results in underperformance in athletes and non-athletes alike.
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2. Mind Games
ATHLETE OVERTRAINING AND UNDERRECOVERY:
Recognizing the Symptoms and Strategies for Coaches
by Kirsten Peterson, Ph.D. USOC Coaching and Sport Sciences
“I can’t take time off! Every minute I’m not working out is a minute my competition has to get ahead of me.”
“I get my confidence from knowing that I work harder than everyone else out there.”
“No pain, no gain.”
Statements like these are all too common in the world of sport, particularly at the elite level, where success versus failure is often measured in the smallest of increments. Yet coaches and athletes today are walking an increasing fine line between maximizing performance and going over the edge into overtraining. Training loads are increasing, by some estimates, at a rate of ten to twenty percent every five years. Mark Spitz, for example, won his seven gold medals in the 1972 Olympics by swimming 9000 meters per day. Within twenty years, however, the average college swimmers were surpassing this mark, and by 1995, Olympic swimmers were putting in over 35,000 meters per day (Raglin and Wilson, 2000).
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5. ACSM
NUTRITION and RECOVERY
by LaGary Carter, Valdosta State University
The motto for the Olympic Games is “Citius-Altius-Fortius.” These Latin words translate to mean faster, higher, and braver. However, over the centuries the terms have come to universally mean swifter, higher, and stronger. The relationship of nutrition to human performance is not a new concept. Greek Olympians ingested mushrooms as an ergogenic aid. Roman gladiators ate the heart of a lion to enhance their prowess in the arena. The quest for a “competitive edge” exceeds 23 centuries of sport and, no doubt, will continue throughout future generations.
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6. 60-Second Summary
"60-Second Summary" is a regular feature of OLYMPIC COACH. The brief summaries of recent research or other articles can be read in approximately 60 seconds. To obtain a copy of the articles summarized here, check the website URL or contact your local library . If they do not own the publication, they may obtain a copy of the article for you through interlibrary loan.
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7. Hot Off The Press
"Hot Off The Press" is a regular feature of OLYMPIC COACH. This column provides a reading list on a topic or topics covered in the current issue or information that is of interest to the coaching community. The list will take the form of websites, books or journals. To obtain a copy of the books and journals listed here contact your local library. If they do not own the publication, they may obtain a copy for you through interlibrary loan.
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8. Directory
 USOC Directory For The Coaching Resources Staff
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9. USOC Coach Magazine
Download a .pdf copy of the USOC Coach Magazine...
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UNITED STATES OLYMPIC COMMITTEE
ACTING PRESIDENT
William Martin
VICE PRESIDENTS
Herman Frazier
Paul E. George
Bill Stapleton
TREASURER
Frank Marshall
EDITOR
Catherine Sellers
OLYMPIC COACH is a publication of the United States Olympic Committee Coaching Division. Readers are encouraged to submit items of interest for possible inclusion. Submitted materials will be acknowledged but cannot be returned, and inclusion cannot be guaranteed. Materials should be sent to the USOC Coaching Division at: Cathy.Sellers@usoc.org.
COVER PHOTO by Getty Images. Barb Lindquist tries to cool down during the run leg at round two of the Accenture Triathlon Series women's race which was held at Surfers Paradise Beach at Gold Coast, Australia. Linquist went on to win the race.
PUBLISHER
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Coaching Division
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Colorado Springs, CO 80909-5760
Telephone: (719) 866-4575 or 866-4802
Olympic symbols, marks and terminology protected for the exclusive use of the USOC, 36 USC 22506 (formerly 36 USC 380).
This publication is copyrighted © by the U.S. Olympic Committee, and contents may not be reproduced.
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Copyright 2001. USOC Coaching. All Rights Reserved.
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